Antena Tiga Loop

1. Pemahaman Dasar tentang Peralatan

1.1 Parameter Utama

1.1.1 Model Classification

Spesifikasi/Nomor Model	VVLA-30M	VVLA-30MA
Rentang frekuensi	9 kHz ke 30 MHz
Dimensi Uji	The X, Y, and Z axes can be switched freely in the plane
Spesifikasi Antarmuka	50 Ω/Type N
Diameter Cincin	2 m	3 m
Dimensions after installation (diameter × height)	2100 × 2550 mm	3200 × 3750 mm
Metode Kalibrasi	Calibrated at the factory (optional ISO 17025 third-party calibration report) + Includes a calibration antenna
Matching Stage	Features an integrated, height-adjustable, and expandable platform with a maximum load capacity of 50 kg

Note: This manual uses the VVLA-30M as an example. The operation is the same for both models; the only differences are in the dimensions of the ring body and the accessories.

1.1.2 Intended Use and Applicable Standards

The VVLA series consists of three-ring vertical large-loop antennas designed for low-frequency magnetic field emission disturbance testing from 9 kHz to 30 MHz in accordance with CISPR/GB standards. They are suitable for EMC/EMI screening and type testing of LED lighting fixtures, power supplies, ballasts, and other devices.

1.2 Verifikasi Konfigurasi Peralatan

1.2.1 Membongkar

Saat membuka kemasan perangkat, tangani dengan hati-hati untuk menghindari goresan pada casing dengan alat tajam. Setelah membuka kemasan, periksa terlebih dahulu bagian luar perangkat untuk memastikan tidak ada deformasi atau penyok yang terlihat, dan tombol-tombolnya tidak rusak atau longgar. Jika Anda menemukan kelainan pada perangkat atau aksesorinya, segera hubungi kami.

1.2.2 Inventory of Accessories

All equipment accessories are shown in Figure 1-1.

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1.2.3 Mengunduh Dokumen Elektronik

We have already sent the download links for the digital user manual, warranty card, and other documents via email at the time of shipment. Please download them as soon as possible. If you missed the email, you can also contact us directly to request the download links again.

2. Tindakan Pencegahan Keamanan

2.1 Spesifikasi Pembumian

Calibrate the half-wave anechoic chamber and the EMI receiver to share a common ground to avoid ground loop interference; the grounding resistance must be ≤4 Ω.

2.2 Keselamatan Lingkungan

2.2.1 Persyaratan Situs

Test Site: Open area / Standard semi-anechoic chamber, away from strong electromagnetic interference (inverters, arc welders, cell towers);

Ambient temperature: 10°C to 35°C; humidity: 45% to 75% RH, no condensation.

2.2.2 Persyaratan Ruang

There are no unrelated metal objects within 1.5 meters of the antenna.

2.3 Keselamatan Operasional

2.3.1 Persyaratan Personil

Do not plug in or unplug the RF interface while it is powered on, and do not handle it with wet hands. Two people must work together during assembly and disassembly to prevent the unit from tipping over and causing injury.

2.3.2 Equipment Contraindications

Do not climb on or squeeze the antenna loop; do not force the switch open or closed. Do not operate outside the specified frequency range, and do not connect high-power transmission signals.

3. Equipment Assembly and Wiring

3.1 Calibration Antenna Assembly

3.1.1 Majelis Pangkalan

Assemble and calibrate the antenna base according to Figures 3-1 through 3-3.

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3.1.2 Antenna Assembly

Assemble and calibrate the antenna according to Figures 3-4 through 3-7.

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3.1.3 Scenarios for Using Calibration Antennas

As described in Chapter 4, a calibration antenna is required when calibrating the Three Loop Antenna. However, a calibration antenna is not required when performing routine testing with the Three Loop Antenna.

3.2 Assembly of The Three Loop Antenna

3.2.1 Majelis Pangkalan

Assemble the Three Loop Antenna base according to Figures 3-8 through 3-12.

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3.2.2 Three-Ring Assembly

Assemble the circular three-ring frame according to Figures 3-13 through 3-14.

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Connect the three rings end-to-end and mount them to the base. Ring X is the horizontal ring, while rings Y and Z are the vertical rings. The X, Y, and Z sensor housings must face outward and be positioned close to and connected to the corresponding X, Y, and Z ports on the XYZ signal selector switch. See Figure 3-15.

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Install and connect the X, Y, and Z test leads. As shown in Figure 3-16, all marked connection points have routing holes for the test leads to pass through. Please route the X, Y, and Z test leads through the centers of the X, Y, and Z rings, respectively, and connect them securely to the X, Y, and Z sensor boxes.

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3.2.3 DUT Test Fixture Assembly

Assemble the DUT fixture as shown in Figures 3-17 through 3-18.

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Note: The DUT stage is height-adjustable to accommodate DUTs of different sizes.

3.3 Cable Connections

The output of the Three Loop Antenna—that is, the XYZ signal selector switch—is connected to the EMI receiver.

4. Three Loop Antenna Calibration

4.1 Calibration Prerequisites

4.1.1 Calibration Requirements

The calibration provider must be ISO 17025-accredited.

4.1.2 Calibration Conditions

The equipment has been fully assembled, and both mechanical and electrical inspections have been passed; the environment meets the required standards and is free of strong interference; all necessary accessories, including calibration antennas, standard signal sources, EMI receivers, and software, are present.

4.1.3 Calibration Interval

It is recommended to calibrate once a year; recalibration is required after relocation or maintenance.

4.2 Calibration Antenna Connection

4.2.1 Placement of the Calibration Antenna

Place the calibration antenna at the center of the Three Loop Antenna and secure it firmly.

4.2.2 Calibration Cable Connection

Connect the calibration antenna output to a standard signal source, and connect the Three Loop Antenna output—specifically, the XYZ signal selector switch—to the EMI receiver for synchronous triggering.

4.3 Prosedur Kalibrasi

4.3.1 Basic Calibration

Receiver settings: Frequency 9 kHz to 30 MHz; bandwidth compliant with CISPR 16-1-4; signal source outputs standard levels; calibrate the X, Y, and Z axes in sequence.

4.3.2 Switch Calibration

Switch the XYZ signal selector, repeat the measurement, and verify the consistency across all three axes.

4.4 Verification of Calibration Results

4.4.1 Penilaian Kesesuaian

The calibration curve falls within the standard tolerance limits, with a three-axis deviation of ≤±1 dB.

4.4.2 Penanganan Pengecualian

If calibration fails, check the connections, ring deformation, oxidation of the joints, and environmental interference factors, then recalibrate.

5. Using The Three Loop Antenna

5.1 DUT Preparation

5.1.1 Location Requirements

The DUT is positioned at the geometric center of the three-ring configuration, with its center of gravity centered and no offset.

5.1.2 Perutean Kabel

The DUT’s power and signal cables must be routed out at a uniform 45° angle, maintaining a distance of at least 0.4 m from any loop, and must not run parallel to or close to the loop structure.

5.1.3 Support Requirements

Use the standard DUT stage; do not use any other support frames containing metal components.

5.2 Preparations Before Testing

5.2.1 Environmental Background Testing

Turn off the DUT, measure the ambient noise, and verify that the background noise is 6 dB below the limit before proceeding with the test.

5.2.2 Equipment Warm-up

Power on the EMI receiver and the DUT and allow them to warm up for 30 minutes; testing may only begin once a stable operating state has been reached.

5.3 Prosedur Pengujian Standar

5.3.1 Three-Axis Scanning Test

Set the switch to the X-axis for a full-range scan; switch to the Y-axis for a repeat scan; switch to the Z-axis for a repeat scan.

5.3.2 Reading Data

Record the maximum disturbance values for each axis and their corresponding frequencies, and compare them to the standard limits.

5.3.3 Retesting of Anomalous Points

For frequency points exceeding the limit, change the orientation of the DUT, repeat the test three times, and record the maximum value.

6. Pemeliharaan dan Perawatan Rutin Peralatan

6.1 Routine Maintenance (After Each Use)

6.1.1 Cleaning the Exterior

Wipe down the ring, bracket, and switch with a dry cloth.

6.1.2 Joint Inspection

Inspect the BNC and N connectors to ensure there is no looseness, oxidation, water ingress, or dust; if necessary, gently wipe them with anhydrous ethanol.

6.1.3 Cable Inspection

Do not subject RF cables to excessive pressure, bending, or cutting with sharp edges; they must be free of damage, creases, or signs of aging, and the shielding must be intact.

6.2 Safety During Handling and Storage

6.2.1 Penanganan

Disassemble the main unit and the bracket before moving them; do not lift and carry them as a single unit. Handle with care to avoid bumping the ring body and the switch box.

Penyimpanan 6.2.2

Long-term storage: Store in a dry, well-ventilated, dust-free, and corrosion-free environment at temperatures ranging from -10°C to +60°C. When not in use, support the three rings from above to minimize stress-induced deformation; see Figure 6-1.

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7. Pemecahan Masalah dan Penyelesaian Masalah Umum

Gejala Kesalahan	Kemungkinan penyebab	Prosedur
The EMI receiver is not receiving a signal	The frequency band setting and the XYZ signal selector switch are not in the correct position.	Check the EMI receiver settings and frequency band to ensure they are set to 9 kHz–30 MHz; check and confirm that the XYZ signal selector switch on the Three Loop Antenna is set to the correct position.
Excessively high background environmental noise	There is interference from other unrelated metals at the site; the test is not being conducted in an anechoic chamber; or the anechoic chamber is not grounded.	Remove all metal-containing equipment from the site; place the Three Loop Antenna and EMI receiver inside the anechoic chamber to shield them from external interference; check and confirm the ground connection of the anechoic chamber.
I’m not sure if the signal strength and frequency I received are accurate.	No standard signal source	We recommend purchasing a standard signal source and using it in conjunction with a calibration antenna. The standard signal source allows you to set the output signal frequency and intensity, which can then be compared with the frequency and intensity of the signal received by the EMI receiver.