Uji Jari

1. “Tes” mengacu pada pemahaman dasar.

1.1 Standar yang Berlaku

This series of tests refers to those conducted in strict accordance with GB/T 42125.1-2024″Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use—Part 1: General Requirements” (equivalent to IEC 61010-1:2016), and are applicable to safety testing of the accessibility of various types of measuring instruments, control equipment, laboratory analytical equipment, industrial automation instruments, and other products. It may also be used for safety certification testing of products under the same standards system.

SMT-PB: Fully complies with the specifications for the articulated Test Finger in GB/T 42125.1-2024, Figure B.2 (IEC 61010-1:2016, Figure B.2).

SMT-1211: Fully complies with the specifications for the rigidity test as shown in Figure B.1 of GB/T 42125.1-2024 (IEC 61010-1:2016 Figure B.1).

1.2 Fitur Inti

The SMT-PB articulated Test Finger and the SMT-1211 rigid Test Finger are specialized instruments for measuring, controlling, and conducting safety inspections of electrical equipment in laboratories. They are used to simulate a human finger inserted into an opening in the equipment enclosure to verify whether dangerous live parts inside the equipment, dangerous mechanical parts within the equipment can be reached by a normally operating person, thereby determining whether the equipment’s protection rating against electric shock and mechanical injury complies with standard requirements.

1.3 Penjelasan Prinsip Pengujian

1.3.1 Principles for Determining Accessibility

By applying the Test Finger with a specified force to various openings in the equipment enclosure (such as ventilation holes, seams, slots, and adjustment holes), if the metal-detecting portion of the Test Finger comes into contact with internal hazardous live parts or hazardous moving parts, the equipment is deemed to fail the protection test; if it does not come into contact, the protection is deemed effective.

1.3.2 Division of Labor Between the Two Test Fingers

The SMT-PB articulated Test Finger simulates the natural bending motion of human finger joints. It is primarily used for accessibility testing of standard openings and can reach deep into gaps while adjusting its angle for inspection.

SMT-1211 Rigid Test Finger: If the hinged Test Finger passes the test but there is suspicion that the enclosure opening may deform under the standard 10 N external force, thereby exposing internal hazardous parts, a rigid Test Finger must be used to apply the specified thrust for supplementary verification.

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2. Tindakan Pencegahan Keamanan

2.1 Persyaratan Lingkungan Pengujian

2.1.1 Kondisi Lingkungan

Tests should be conducted under normal temperature and humidity conditions, with an ambient temperature of 15°C to 35°C and a relative humidity of 25% to 75%. Live testing is prohibited in environments containing flammable or explosive gases to prevent safety incidents.

2.1.2 Persyaratan Meja Kerja

The device under test should be placed on a sturdy, level, insulated work surface and must not be moved during the test; sufficient operating space must be provided around the work surface to prevent contact with other live equipment during the test.

2.3 Pedoman Keselamatan Operasional

2.3.2 Keselamatan dalam Pengoperasian Mesin

Apply force slowly and evenly; do not apply sudden force or pry on the equipment housing to avoid damaging the Test Finger or causing injuries from impact.

Saat menguji peralatan dengan tepi tajam, kenakan sarung tangan pelindung untuk mencegah luka akibat gerigi pada badan peralatan.

Test Finger is a precision measuring instrument; do not strike, throw, or use it as a prying tool.

During the test, it is strictly prohibited to aim the test fixture at any part of the human body to prevent mechanical injury while applying force.

2.3.2 Keamanan Listrik Perangkat yang Sedang Diuji

Unless otherwise specified by special live-line testing requirements, prior to routine protection-against-accidental-contact testing, the equipment under test must be disconnected from the main power source, and any energy-storage components, such as internal capacitors, must be fully discharged.

The test circuit supplies power to the live components under test only through a dedicated safety extra-low-voltage power source; connecting the equipment under test to the mains power supply for testing is prohibited.

2.4 Testing Refers To Safety Protection

Do not exceed the test force of 10 N specified in the standard to avoid damaging the device under test or causing permanent deformation of the Test Finger.

Do not allow the device to come into contact with corrosive substances such as strong acids and strong alkalis, to prevent corrosion of metal parts and deterioration of the insulated handle.

3. Introduction to Test Fingers

3.1 Diagram Standar

3.1.1 SMT-PB Articulated Test Finger

See Figure 3-1 (taken from IEC 61010-1:2016, Figure B.2).

Gambar-3 1

3.2.2 SMT-1211 Rigidity Test Specification

See Figure 3-2 (taken from IEC 61010-1:2016, Figure B.1).

Gambar-3 2

3.2 Foto Objek Sebenarnya

3.2.1 SMT-PB Articulated Test Finger

All are wired models; see Figure 3-3.

Gambar-3 3

3.2.1 SMT-1211 Rigidity Test Specification

Lihat Gambar 3–4.

Gambar-3 4

3.3 Test Finger As an Auxiliary Function

3.3.1 With or without wires

SMT-PB refers to the main Test Finger; in the vast majority of scenarios, it is necessary to determine whether live parts are accessible, which requires the inclusion of terminal blocks.

The SMT-1211 is a supplementary verification Test Finger. Whether a wired version is required depends on the purpose of the test: If the test is solely to verify whether the mechanical opening can be breached or whether hazardous mechanical components can be reached, no wiring is necessary—a visual or structural assessment is sufficient; If the test is to verify whether hazardous live parts can be reached after deformation under load, a conductive rigid Test Finger must be used in conjunction with an alarm device to make the determination.

The SMT-1211 comes without cables by default. Users may choose between the wired or wireless version based on their needs.

3.3.2 Does it come with a thrust gauge?

LISUN tests indicate that some units come with a thrust gauge by default, while others do not.

If the user already has a thrust gauge that meets the specifications, they may choose the model without a built-in thrust gauge. You may specify whether to include a built-in thrust gauge based on your actual needs. Note: The price may vary depending on whether a thrust gauge is included.

4. Persiapan Sebelum Ujian

4.1 Preparation of Auxiliary Equipment

4.1.1 Push-Pull Force Gauge

Used to precisely control the force applied during testing.

4.1.2 Safety Extra-Low-Voltage Power Supply

A Test Finger is used to trigger audible and visual alarms when it comes into contact with live parts. The LISUN SMT-529CV can be used for this purpose; it provides a test voltage of 40–45 V to simulate contact by a finger, tool, or metal wire, and is compatible with all types of test fingers with wires. See Figure 4-1.

Jumlah	Note
①	Tampilan Tegangan Uji
②	Test voltage output, used to connect the test leads to the tail end of the Test Finger
③	Rangkaian tegangan uji; kabel yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan perangkat yang sedang diuji.

Gambar-4 1

4.2 Persiapan Perangkat yang Akan Diuji

4.2.1 Verification of Equipment Status

Verify that the enclosure of the device under test is intact and free of damage.

In accordance with the standard requirements, the accessibility test must be conducted with the device powered off and de-energized.

All removable covers, knobs, fuse covers, and other components on the equipment should be properly installed in their normal operating positions.

4.2.2 Summary of Test Locations

Conduct a thorough inspection of all possible openings in the equipment housing, including: cooling grilles, panel seams, connector slots, adjustment holes, vents, installation gaps, and bottom openings.

5. “Test” Refers To the test procedure.

5.1 SMT-PB Articulated Test Finger Procedure

5.1.1 Connections Before Testing

Lihat 4.1.2.

Connect the terminal block at the rear of the SMT-PB to the output of the safety extra-low-voltage power supply (SMT-529CV).

Connect the cable of the device under test to the input terminal of the safety extra-low-voltage power supply (SMT-529CV).

Turn on the alarm tester, perform a short-circuit self-test, and verify that the audible and visual alarms are functioning properly.

5.1.2 Point-by-Point Testing Procedures

Hold the insulated handle and align the tip of your Test Finger with the center of the opening being tested.

Move forward slowly while adjusting the angle at which you bend your fingers to match the internal structure of the opening, trying to reach as deep into the crevice as possible.

Stop advancing when the baffle comes into contact with the surface of the equipment housing or encounters noticeable resistance.

Apply a constant thrust of 10 N along the axis and maintain it for at least 3 seconds.

Check the status of the alarm tester: If an audible and visual alarm is triggered, it indicates that the Test Finger has come into contact with a hazardous live part, and that test point fails the test; if no alarm is triggered, it indicates that the Test Finger has not come into contact with any live parts.

While maintaining pressure, gently move the Test Finger up, down, left, and right within a small range to simulate a finger probe and confirm once again whether the hazardous component can be felt.

5.2 SMT-1211 Rigidity Test: Operating Procedures

5.2.1 Confirmation of Applicable Scenarios

If, after testing with an articulated Test Finger, there is concern that the enclosure opening may deform under load, causing internal components to become accessible, perform a verification test using a rigid Test Finger. Connect or disconnect the electric shock alarm tester (SMT-529CV) as needed.

5.2.2 Prosedur Uji

Align the tip of the rigid Test Finger with the opening being tested, keeping the Test Finger perpendicular to the plane of the opening.

Slowly apply axial thrust, gradually increasing the force to 10 N.

While maintaining a constant axial thrust of 10 N, gently swing the Test Finger slightly from side to side and up and down to thoroughly inspect all areas inside the opening and confirm that no hazardous components are within reach.

During testing, prying or wedging actions are prohibited; only positive pressure applied along the axial direction is permitted.

If the Test Finger can pass through the opening and come into contact with the hazardous part, the guarding at that location is deemed noncompliant; otherwise, it is compliant.

5.3 Test Evaluation Criteria

5.3.1 Penilaian Kesesuaian

A test point is deemed to meet accessibility protection requirements if all of the following conditions are met: When a Test Finger is applied with the specified force, the metal detection component cannot come into contact with hazardous live parts; the Test Finger cannot come into contact with hazardous moving parts, sharp parts, or other mechanically hazardous areas; and the limit stop cannot pass through the opening into the interior of the equipment.

5.3.2 Penentuan Ketidaksesuaian

If any of the following conditions occurs, the protection at that location shall be deemed non-compliant: the Test Finger comes into contact with a hazardous live part, triggering the alarm; the Test Finger can reach a hazardous mechanical part that is moving at high speed and has sharp edges; the guard can pass through the opening, allowing the Test Finger to penetrate unimpeded into the interior of the equipment.

6. Testing Refers To routine maintenance and servicing

6.1 Pembersihan dan Perawatan Harian

Wipe away any dust or grease from the surface of the Test Finger using a clean, soft cloth.

Usap bagian logam dengan lembut menggunakan etanol anhidrat untuk menghilangkan noda dan sidik jari.

Bersihkan gagang yang terisolasi dengan deterjen ringan dan keringkan hingga benar-benar kering. Jangan gunakan pelarut kuat untuk membersihkannya.

Use a soft-bristled brush to remove dust from the joint gaps, and apply a small amount of neutral lubricating grease to keep the parts moving smoothly.

6.2 Penyimpanan dan Pemeliharaan Jangka Panjang

After completing routine cleaning and maintenance, apply a thin layer of rust-preventive oil to the metal surface, wrap it in rust-preventive paper, place a dust cover over it, and store it in a dry, well-ventilated warehouse.

Perlengkapan uji harus disimpan di dalam kotak penyimpanan yang telah ditentukan untuk menghindari kerusakan akibat benturan atau tekanan dan mencegah deformasi.

6.3 Persyaratan Interval Kalibrasi

Untuk memastikan keakuratan dan keandalan perangkat, disarankan agar perangkat tersebut secara berkala dikirim ke laboratorium metrologi pihak ketiga yang berkualifikasi untuk kalibrasi. Interval kalibrasi yang disarankan adalah 12 bulan. Pengguna dapat menentukan interval kalibrasi spesifik berdasarkan frekuensi penggunaan, kondisi lingkungan, dan persyaratan sistem mutu.

7. Pemecahan Masalah dan Penyelesaian Masalah Umum

Gejala Kesalahan	Kemungkinan penyebab	Prosedur
Kekakuan Sendi	Debu masuk ke ruang sendi	Bersihkan celah sambungan dengan etanol anhidrat, biarkan mengering di udara, lalu oleskan gemuk pelumas netral.
Konduktivitas listrik yang buruk; hasil abnormal dalam pengujian perlindungan terhadap sengatan listrik.	Kabel yang sudah tua atau longgar	Use a multimeter to measure the resistance between the Test Finger of the test probe and the terminal at the end of the cable. If the resistance is greater than 1 Ω, it will affect the test results; check the wiring or return the unit to the factory for repair.