Simulator Variasi Tegangan Bipolar Empat Kuadran

1. Pemahaman Dasar tentang Peralatan

1.1 Klasifikasi Model

LISUN Pilih Model	LIS-APS-4010K300	LIS-APS-4030K300	LIS-APS-8050K300	LIS-APS-80100K300
Karakteristik Keluaran	Four-Quadrant Bipolar
Rated Output Voltage Un	±40 V DC/AC		±80 V DC/AC
Rated Output Current In	0 to ±10 A	0 to ±30 A	0 to ±50 A	0 to ±100 A
Transient peak current Ip	2 times the rated current, duration 20–200 ms
Frequency Range (Sine Wave)	DC–300 kHz (output error < 0.1%)
Mode Keluaran	Constant voltage, constant current. (Output accuracy: 0.05%; Setting accuracy: 1 mV/1 mA)
Tingkat Kenaikan Tegangan	≥15 V/µs
Amplitudo Tegangan AC	>30 Vpp @ 100 kHz; >10 Vpp @ 300 kHz
Kapasitas beban	At full AC load, Vpp drops by <200 mV
Metode Keluaran Frekuensi	Fixed, Linear, Logarithmic
Sumber Impedansi	Adjustable from 0 mΩ to 500 mΩ (resolution: 1 mΩ, accuracy: <±5%). Also supports external resistance to meet specific automotive manufacturer standards.
Riak Tegangan	<10 mVrms (ripple and noise: <30 mVpp)
Pengeditan Bentuk Gelombang Gabungan	ISO 7637-2 P2b and P4 / Linear / DC / Sine wave / Square wave / Triangle wave / Exponential wave / Arbitrary waveform; supports frequency sweeping
Number of Editable Steps for Combined Waves	Hingga 500 langkah
Minimum editable time for composite waves	5 µs
Count the points on an arbitrary waveform	≤ 16000,000
Editable point spacing for arbitrary waves	0.1 µs–1 s
Format Gelombang Arbitrer	Excel, CSV
Fitur Perlindungan	Features overcurrent, overvoltage, short-circuit, and overtemperature perlindungan
Control System	10.1-inch Chinese-English Android Capacitive Touchscreen Display + Supports Remote Control via PC Software
Analisis Pengambilan Sampel FFT Riak	The built-in oscilloscope displays the output waveform in real time.
Pengambilan Sampel Lingkaran Tertutup Superposisi Riak	Equipped with built-in ripple voltage and current probes, it enables direct closed-loop ripple testing at a distance of 10 cm in accordance with ISO 16750-2:2023, Figure 5.

1.2 Standar yang berlaku

Nomor Standar	Judul Standar
GB / T 28046.2-2019	Environmental Conditions and Tests for Electrical and Electronic Equipment in Road Vehicles—Part 2: Electrical Loads
GB / T 21437.2-2021	Test Methods for Electromagnetic Disturbances Caused by Conduction and Coupling in Electrical and Electronic Components of Road Vehicles—Part 2: Conducted Transient Emissions and Immunity Along Power Lines
SMTC 38000001-2012	General Testing Requirements for Automotive Electronic and Electrical Components
ISO 16750-2: 2023	Road Vehicles—Environmental Conditions and Testing for Electrical and Electronic Equipment—Part 2: Electrical Loads
ISO 7637-2:2021	Road Vehicles—Electrical Disturbances from Conduction and Coupling—Part 2: Electrical Transients Conducted Solely Along Power Supply Lines
L.V. 124	Electrical and Electronic Components in Motor Vehicles Weighing Up to 3.5 Metric Tons—Requirements, Test Conditions, and Tests for the 12-Volt On-Board Electrical System
LV 148-E09	Komponen Listrik dan Elektronik pada Kendaraan Bermotor—Persyaratan dan Kondisi Pengujian Sistem Kelistrikan On-Board 48V
VW 80000:2023	Geometric Tolerance and Quality Control Specifications for Automotive Components
GS 95024-2:2011	Electrical and Electronic Components in Motor Vehicles—Supplementary Requirements and Tests for 12V On-Board Electrical System Components
GMW 3172:2023	General Specifications for Electrical and Electronic Components – Environmental and Durability

1.3 Skenario Aplikasi

The LIS-APS Series Four-Quadrant Bipolar Voltage Variation Simulator is a high-precision power supply simulation device that supports bidirectional energy flow. Based on a fully controlled H-bridge topology, it enables disturbance-free transitions across all four operating quadrants and provides seamless switching between positive and negative voltage and current outputs.accurately simulating dynamic voltage changes, transient pulses, polarity reversals, and operating conditions such as open circuits, short circuits, and wire disconnections. It also features customizable waveform editing, adjustable impedance, and wide-frequency ripple superposition, making it a core piece of equipment for power supply adaptability testing in fields such as automotive electronics and rail transit.

Applications: In the automotive electronics sector, it simulates operating conditions such as fluctuations in vehicle battery voltage, start-stop cycles, and open circuits or short circuits in wiring harnesses to verify the immunity and reliability of components such as ECUs, BMSs, and vehicle lights; in the rail transit and aerospace sectors, it performs power supply adaptability testing on onboard electronic equipment; in industrial control and medical electronics, to verify the operational stability of equipment under power supply fluctuations; and in energy storage and motor applications, to simulate voltage and current characteristics during energy regeneration.

2. Tindakan Pencegahan untuk Penggunaan

2.1 Persyaratan Lingkungan

Suhu lingkungan: 23 °C ± 5 °C; kelembapan relatif: 45–75%, tidak mengembun; ketinggian: ≤2000 m; tidak ada getaran kuat atau interferensi elektromagnetik di area sekitarnya; penggunaan peralatan di lingkungan berdebu, mudah terbakar, atau meledak dilarang keras.

2.2 Persyaratan Catu Daya

Input power supply: AC 220 V ±10%, 50 Hz; Input power: ≤1 kW; The power supply must be reliably grounded, with a grounding resistance of ≤4 Ω; It is recommended to use a voltage-regulated power supply to prevent power grid fluctuations from affecting test accuracy.

2.3 Prinsip-prinsip Pengkabelan

Use power cables with the specified wire gauge to prevent the conductors from overheating under high current conditions; keep test cables as short as possible and route them in parallel to minimize the impact of parasitic parameters; ensure that the DUT (Device Under Test) enclosure is reliably connected to the equipment’s protective ground; and route signal cables separately from power cables to avoid cross-interference.

2.4 Pedoman Keselamatan Operasional

Wear insulated protective gear; before testing, ensure all connections are secure and that there are no exposed conductors; do not plug in or unplug test cables during testing to avoid arc burns; do not touch the DUT or test fixtures while the pulse is being output; if you hear unusual noises, smell an unusual odor, or see smoke, immediately disconnect the power; During prolonged continuous testing, ensure the equipment is properly ventilated for heat dissipation.

3. Gambaran Umum Peralatan dan Pengkabelan

3.1 Panel depan

Lihat Gambar 3-1.

Jumlah	Note
①	Tombol daya perangkat: Tekan sebentar untuk menghidupkan; tekan dan tahan untuk mematikan.
②	Layar Sentuh Kapasitif 10.1 inci
③	Port USB1: Digunakan oleh LISUN Para insinyur dapat menggunakannya untuk debugging perangkat; pengguna tidak perlu menggunakannya.
④	Port USB 2.0, yang dapat digunakan untuk menghubungkan mouse untuk mengontrol layar sentuh, atau untuk menghubungkan flash drive USB untuk memperbarui perangkat lunak atau file basis data.
⑤	Output connector; observe polarity. Used to connect directly to the DUT for testing.

3.2 Kembali Panel

Lihat Gambar 3-2.

Jumlah	Note
①	Soket kabel daya dan sekering; pastikan catu daya input terhubung ke ground dengan benar.
②	Circuit breaker, main input power supply switch for the equipment
③	Terminal pembumian pelindung: Jika catu daya masukan tidak memiliki koneksi pembumian yang andal, terminal ini harus dihubungkan secara terpisah ke pembumian.
④	Output jack—pay attention to polarity; this jack functions identically to the front-panel output jack. When using it as a power source, connect it to other devices using a cable.
⑤	RS485 interface/LAN port, which can be connected to a computer to use the host software (as a backup). The host software offers the same functionality as the touchscreen; please contact us if needed.

3.3 Pengenalan Aksesori

Lihat Gambar 3-3.

Jumlah	Note
①	Kabel Listrik
②	AC Output Voltage Calibration Cable, Spare. When outputting high-frequency AC voltage, if you observe that the output voltage attenuates over time, use this cable to calibrate the voltage. Please contact us if you need to use it.
③	Kabel tanah
④	Test lead, used to connect the output port on the device’s front panel to the DUT
⑤	Kabel Ethernet, digunakan untuk menghubungkan komputer ke perangkat lunak host.

4. Pengantar Program Layar Sentuh

4.1 Antarmuka Pengujian

4.1.1 Use as a Power Source

Lihat Gambar 4-1.

Jumlah	Note
①	Set the output mode for DC: CV for constant voltage, CC for constant current
②	Set the Output Resistance
③	Set DC Output Voltage/Current
④	Click to turn the DC power output on or off; it can be used as a standalone output or combined with AC output.
⑤	Select an AC Waveform
⑥	Set the AC Frequency
⑦	Set the AC voltage; note that this is the Vpp value.
⑧	Click to turn the AC power output on or off; it can be output independently or combined with DC output.
⑨	Switch to Manual Adjustment
⑩	Select the regulated power supply: AC or DC
⑪	Set the step value
1	Click the up/down buttons to manually adjust the output according to the set increment value.
⑬	Display the current output waveform
⑭	Screenshot: Click to save a screenshot of the current output waveform to your device.

4.1.2 Standard Operational Testing

Lihat Gambar 4-2.

Jumlah	Note
①	Here are the shortcut keys for the Pulse 2b and Pulse 4 waveforms in 12V mode. Simply click to select them—no need to adjust any parameters.
②	If you need to use the Pulse 2b and Pulse 4 waveforms in 24V mode or conduct tests according to other standard specifications, you must access the database file interface to make your selection. Once selected, no parameters need to be modified.
③	Switch to Programming Mode
④	Click to run the test
⑤	Display the steps and duration of the current test
⑥	Display the current output waveform

If you need to perform custom tests, refer to the table below.

Jumlah	Note
a	Waveform selection, from top to bottom: DC linear wave, AC sine wave/triangular wave/TMW pulse wave, AC test mode (constant voltage), AC closed-loop test/constant current, AC open-loop test mode, differential wave, exponential wave, square wave, decay wave, custom waveform (reserved; please contact us if you need to use this option)
b	Waveform Diagram and Parameter Settings
c	After selecting a waveform and configuring the parameters, click “Add.”
d	Once all settings are configured, click “Save” to save the current test parameters to the database file.
e	All waveforms added in sequence

4.2 Antarmuka File Basis Data

Lihat Gambar 4-3.

Jumlah	Note
①	Back to the Previous Directory
②	Select the standard file you want to test
③	Double-click or click “Import” to open the test interface and run the test.
④	If you have other standard tests but do not wish to create custom tests, please contact us and send us the details of the corresponding standard. We will guide you on how to use a USB drive to update the database file directly with that standard.

4.3 Antarmuka Pengaturan

Lihat Gambar 4-4.

Jumlah	Note
①	Report Storage Methods and Paths
②	Closed-Loop Test Save Options and Save Paths
③	How to Save Screenshots and Where They Are Saved
④	Communication settings are set to LOCAL by default. If you need to use host computer software, you can switch to RS485 or the LAN port. Please contact us.
⑤	Security settings: Use the factory default settings; do not change them.
⑥	Test Report Parameter Settings
⑦	Probe Multiplier: This setting is only effective during AC closed-loop testing. The value set for Vpp is multiplied by this multiplier. Use the factory default setting; do not modify it.
⑧	Pengaturan Volume
⑨	Combined Wave Compensation Voltage: If a compensation voltage is set here when outputting a combined waveform on the test interface, this value will be added. Use the factory default setting; do not modify it.
⑩	For overcurrent delay, use the factory default setting; do not modify it.
⑪	Ganti Bahasa Tampilan

Note: We do not recommend enabling the auto-save feature. Automatically saving large numbers of waveform and report files over time will consume device storage space and may cause the touchscreen program to run slowly.

5. Prosedur Pengujian

5.1 Using It as a Power Source

Ensure that all devices are powered off; use a test cable to connect the device’s output port to the DUT’s power input port; after setting the desired power output parameters as described in Section 4.1.1, start the output; when finished, click “Disconnect Output” again.

5.2 Standard Operational Testing

5.2.1 Pengkabelan

Ensure that both the device and the DUT are powered off; use a test cable to connect the device’s output port to the DUT’s power cord.

5.2.2 Operational Testing

First, refer to Section 4.1.1 to set the appropriate power supply parameters for the DUT and enable the power supply output, ensuring that the DUT is in normal operating condition.

Then, refer to Section 4.1.2 to select the required test standard or configure the test parameters, and run the test; observe the DUT’s operating status and record any observations; wait for the test to complete—or, in case of an emergency, press the stop button to halt the test immediately.

5.2.3 Evaluasi Hasil

Tingkat Fungsional	Definition of Standards	Judging Guidelines
Grade A	During and after the application of interference, all functions of the DUT operated normally as designed, and performance parameters remained within specifications.	No functional abnormalities were observed throughout the entire process, and no intervention was required after testing—this meets the highest standards.
Kelas B	During the application of interference, all functions remain operational, but certain parameters may exceed their tolerance limits; once the interference is removed, all functions automatically return to their normal ranges, and the storage function maintains Class A performance.	Parameter drift and minor performance degradation are permitted during testing, but no functional failures may occur; the system must automatically recover after testing.
Kelas C	During the application of interference, one or more functions do not operate as designed; once the interference is removed, the functions automatically return to normal.	During testing, phenomena such as functional interruptions and logical anomalies are permitted; after testing, the system should recover automatically without the need for manual intervention.
Kelas D	Malfunction occurs while interference is present; after the interference is removed, normal operation can be restored only through simple manual steps (power cycle, reset).	Freezing, rebooting, and similar issues are acceptable, but there must be no hardware damage, and the system must be able to recover with a simple reset.
Kelas E	During and after the interference, the function will be permanently disabled and cannot be restored without repairing or replacing the hardware.	Permanent damage; automatically deemed a failure

Core Principle: If the DUT exhibits a Grade E performance (hardware damage, permanent loss of functionality), the test is deemed a failure regardless of the agreed-upon grade; for Grades A through D, pass/fail is determined based on the minimum acceptable grade agreed upon by the supplier and the customer.

5.2.4 Post-Test Procedures

Pastikan bahwa peralatan dan DUT (Device Under Test) sama-sama dimatikan; lepaskan kabel pada sisi DUT terlebih dahulu, kemudian lepaskan kabel pada sisi peralatan.

6. Pemeliharaan dan Perawatan Peralatan Harian

6.1 Pembersihan harian

6.1.1 Jadwal dan Prosedur Pembersihan

Setelah setiap digunakanBersihkan permukaan layar sentuh dan hilangkan debu dari panel perangkat;

Mingguan: Clean the equipment housing and the filters in the vents;

BulananBersihkan debu dari bagian dalam peralatan (harus dilakukan oleh profesional).

6.1.2 Metode Pembersihan

Wipe the exterior with a clean, soft, lint-free cloth; use a dedicated screen cleaner for the touchscreen; clean the vents with a soft-bristled brush and use a vacuum cleaner if necessary; do not use corrosive solvents such as acetone.

6.2 Inspeksi Berkala

Check the power cord for damage or wear; check that the ground connection is secure; check that the fan is operating normally; check that the buttons and touchscreen are responsive; check the terminal blocks for oxidation or loose connections.

6.3 Penyimpanan dan penanganan

6.3.1 Persyaratan untuk Penyimpanan Jangka Panjang

Storage Conditions: Temperature -10°C to +50°C, humidity ≤ 85%; Clean the equipment and apply dust protection before storage; Power it on once every 3 months, running it for at least 30 minutes each time; Avoid stacking or applying heavy pressure to prevent the panel from warping.

6.3.2 Tindakan Pencegahan untuk Penanganan

Unplug all external cables before moving the device; use the original packaging and ensure it is properly cushioned and protected; keep the device upright during transport and avoid harsh vibrations; when lifting, grip the bottom and sides of the device—do not lift by the panel.

6.4 Persyaratan Interval Kalibrasi

Untuk memastikan akurasi pengukuran dan keandalan operasional peralatan, disarankan agar peralatan tersebut secara berkala dikirim ke laboratorium metrologi pihak ketiga yang berkualifikasi untuk kalibrasi. Interval kalibrasi yang disarankan adalah 12 bulan. Pengguna dapat menentukan interval kalibrasi spesifik berdasarkan frekuensi penggunaan, kondisi lingkungan, dan persyaratan sistem mutu.

7. Pemecahan Masalah dan Penyelesaian Masalah Umum

Gejala Kesalahan	Kemungkinan penyebab	Prosedur
Perangkat tidak mau menyala	The input power supply main power switch on the back is not turned on, or the fuse has blown	Turn on the input power supply switch located at the power cord receptacle on the back of the unit; check the fuse, and if it has blown, replace it with a fuse of the same rating.
Kerusakan Layar Sentuh Setelah Dinyalakan	Sistem macet, kabel pita longgar	If the problem persists after restarting, disconnect the power, remove the device’s outer casing, and check whether the touchscreen ribbon cable is loose.
Test Stopped Automatically Midway	Over-temperature protection triggered, overcurrent/overvoltage protection triggered	Check whether the equipment’s ventilation is obstructed and whether the ambient temperature is too high; check the DUT for short circuits or overloads.
USB Flash Drive Not Recognized	USB drive format is incompatible or has excessive capacity	Use a FAT32-formatted USB drive with a capacity of no more than 32 GB; if that doesn’t work, try a different USB drive.
No voltage/current after output is enabled	DUT Wiring Abnormality, Protection Function Triggered	After disconnecting the output, verify that the DUT is wired correctly and that there are no open circuits or short circuits; check for any overvoltage, overcurrent, or overtemperature warnings, and retry after resolving the issue.
Abnormal Output Voltage/Current Accuracy	Improper output resistance settings; long-term lack of calibration	Verify that the source impedance parameters meet the test requirements; contact a third-party metrology organization to perform calibration.